These calcium carbonate towers, called tufas, formed underwater in California's Mono Lake.(這些叫做石灰華的碳酸鈣塔是在加州莫諾湖的水下形成的。)

Sea life makes carbonate shells from this runoff.(海洋生物使碳酸鹽的殼流失。)

Inside, lime bonds with the carbon dioxide to form solid calcium carbonate.(在內部石灰與二氧化碳結合生成碳酸鈣固體。)

Dr Morris explained that the mineral probably came from carbonate-rich water, which interacted with the rock.(莫里斯博士解釋說，富含碳酸鹽的水和石頭發生反應，從而產生了碳酸鹽。)

The fossils buried in Pleistocene and earlier ocean sediments were of foraminifera—small, single-celled marine organisms that secrete shells of calcium carbonate, or calcite.(在更新世和更早的海洋沉積物中埋藏的化石生物屬于孔蟲類生物，它們是微小的單細胞海洋生物，其分泌的硬殼由碳酸鈣和方解石組成。)

"Potassium carbonate is like a vacuum for CO2," Martin explains.(“碳酸鉀就像二氧化碳的真空吸塵器，”馬丁解釋道。)

Corals too started combining the calcium and carbonate that was floating freely in the water to construct reefs.(珊瑚蟲也是通過聚集漂浮在水中的鈣離子和碳酸鹽來建造珊瑚礁。)

If the level of carbonate ions falls too low the shells can dissolve or might never be made at all.(如果碳酸根離子濃度降低超過一定限度，那么貝殼將開始溶解，甚至根本據不會形成。)

The reaction produces a calcium carbonate seal, restoring the slab to its normal load-bearing capacity.(這種反應會產生一種碳酸鈣的印跡，并將路面的負荷能力恢復至正常。)

That is bad because many Marine creatures rely on shells made of calcium carbonate to protect themselves.(這是相當糟糕的，因為很多海洋生物生活在鈣質碳酸鹽的貝殼里以保護自己。)