Purpose: To study deep venous valvular incompetence of lower extremity by using high-frequency ultrasonography and color doppler.(目的：應用高頻超聲顯像與彩色多普勒對下肢深靜脈瓣功能不全進行檢測研究。)

Objective:To improve the clinical recognition of senile degenerative calcific valvular disease(SDCVD).(目的：提高對老年退行性鈣化瓣膜病（SDCVD）的臨床認識。)

Conclusions Percutaneous INOUE balloon dilation of valvular pulmonary stenosis is effective and safe.(結論經皮球囊肺動脈瓣成形術治療肺動脈瓣狹窄安全有效。)

Conclusions PMMC is an efficient, safe and economic method to theraphy the mitral stenosis with bad valvular condition.(結論PMMC是治療瓣膜條件差的二尖瓣狹窄的一種安全、經濟及有效的手術方式。)

To master the fluid of hemodynamics of various valvular vitium of the heart and heart structure change.(掌握各種瓣膜玻璃體的血流動力學和心臟結構變化。)

Objective To evaluate the characteristics of echocardiogram in senile degenerative heart valvular disease.(目的探討老年人退行性心臟瓣膜病的超聲心動圖特點。)

Objective: to observe the clinical effect of Qiangxinboyuan decoction on rheumatic valvular disease cardiac failure.(目的：觀察強心保元湯治療風濕性心瓣膜病心力衰竭臨床療效。)

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and the value of early diagnosis of senile calcified valvular disease.(目的：探討老年鈣化性心瓣膜病的臨床特點與早期診斷價值。)

Senile degenerative valvular disease of the heart (SDVHD); Echocardiography; Diagnosis.(退行性心臟瓣膜病；超聲心動圖；診斷。)

Mitral valve repair is a useful method of surgical treatment for mitral valvular regurgitation, and has less complication.(二尖瓣成形術是外科治療二尖瓣反流的有效方法之一，且術后并發癥少。)